å Sunday, September 18th, 2016

Why do people obey? For example, Why do you speak Spanish or English? My native language is Spanish and then I learned to speak English. Living in the United States it is a standard pattern to learn to speak English, anything out of the norm would be different. It is a social behavior expected from people. This is something that is except from the people.  This is my example of what I think Harry Bravermen means by the Working U.S society. What is a working class? A working class is a group of people who work in industrial or manual labor for wages. What is labor? Labor is individuals who are persuading for their own needs. Harry Braverman explains that we grew up in a society that seems to us as a “natural condition”. We see this as human nature, it is a natural thing to do so survive in this economy. We live in a society where it is normal for people at the “top” (with wealth and power) to live great, while others like the “bottom or poor” work with little resources to try and live great.  People are exploited and degraded by the system. It shows how the economic struggle in the U.S controls our dignity about our wages; And although we dont see it like this, it is our new way of life. Braverman also explains that we are separated by work. We are separated by industries and occupations in which we work . We are separated by factories, offices, banks and warehouses (pg. 5). It separates us from living, in a way, because we will work in the labor market with nothing except our physical labor. We live in a capitalist system that is built to increase, so the more we expand the more the value increases. At the end of the day we still have to work together for the economy to keep going. It doesn’t have to be where I am not highly educated or have great job credit ails to be “lazy” because even the “lazy worker is involved in the manual labor. That is how we are separated and exploited in so many ways. In conclusion, i explained before that we have to work together as an economy because both populations of “high” and “low” working classes still increase the sales and services that we need. I think its a good way to make us understand the history a little better and the struggle.

Breverman explains ( P.15) that working class is divided by sex ,race,occupations and industries and many others reasons. It’s important to understand that society of the working class is a recent occurrence in the United States, only a century since hieing the working class became the majority. Example a shoe maker owns his shop is not working, the people he hires are “working class” but the owner of the shop isn’t because he is there to supervise the working class.

A worker can increase productivity by saving time that is usually lost in changing from job to job. He thought that you are more productive when you stay at the same job for many years. All because doing the same job many times increase peoples ability to perform simple operations. Also buying machines to help the workers in simple tasks. He felt the more jobs are separated into smaller tasks the more productivity is gather in the manufacturing process.

>Braverman said that the capitalist problem starts in the buying and selling of labor. When a worker selling of labor. When a worker sells something and the capitalist buys it, is not what makes a productive work time.(P.30)  That a capitalist society has its own way to guide labor into places that make more sense. Sense the 1920s in the United States there has been a tremendous movement of unproductive labor. He mentions that such industries like welfare offices, unemployment banking ,insurance and real estate industries are unproductive industries. All because the employment in these areas is raising and because of it employment in all others the unproductive employment it is cousin a rapid rise in unemployment.

This society is more focused on profits rather than on production of a product. He also mentions in (P.32) that in this society the inverted pyramid is taking place because the productive labor is getting narrower and the workers are driven to produce a greater product. Because of the Capitalist system industries who don’t produce anything themselves are thriving and move the surplus and capital.

In conclusion Braverman said, to increase productivity we need to stay at the same job for longer periods of time because we would help and it increases productivity. He mentions that the capitalist society is increasing unproductive workers. He also said that many industries like insurance and real estate are unproductive because these jobs are taking over the productive jobs. As a result unemployment is on the rise.

According to Harry Braverman “In The Making of the U.S working class”, we qualify workers according to social relation the individual has to the work or occupation. Explaining the difference in who is a working class and who is not.

Harry Braverman explains a common ground that creates this class are the people who are hired by others to work, they don’t own the task being completed, they are just rented to complete it. (pg.15-16). The employer is not considered part of the working class as he owns the materials and mass production from which he profit . The profit made the employer retains. The Employees are completing the mass production so they are considered the working class.

Braverman continues to then dissect even further the working class into two groups, The Productive working class employees and The Unproductive working class employs. The employee who are productive are the ones who make something physical to be sold and profited from. The unproductive workers are ones who deal with the organization and paper work of the mass production. (pg. 27 & 30).

He considered the unproductive working class employee are now considered “The Blue Collar”. The productive working class employee are not considered “The White Collar”. The Unproductive working class employee are occupations at real estate, insurance, governments, advertising, accounting, brokerage etc. (pg. 32). These unproductive working class employees were not changed from “White Collar “to “Blue Collar” by their desire to advance but changes in the economy and living methods (pg.32). This method, Unproductive Working “of work have a particular order in which is organize. This method being the need to mass employee = 2X mass production = 4x mass profit. (pg.31) Productive working class employee are the employees of Factories, farms, assembly lines, transportation etc. (pg.27-28). The increase in productive working class employee has been steady since 1820 but it has slowed down due to the increase in unemployment in the general society. (pg.28)

Braverman concludes by stating unemployed is not the cause of neither unproductive working class employee or productive working class employee, but because of the slow rise of new occupation or factories opening for production and change in needs of the population. (pg.33). Studies have shown unemployment are higher after recession than during when occupation production were being created to consequence be the increase in economy (pg.33).

Braverman adds on to say the working class American , in the end , it needs to looked at the way it forms humanity , battle , methods which sustain the most important desire for people. Giving society the thought of working hard to achieve their desire for better. ( pg.35)